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1.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 60(1): 65-73, Jan.-Mar. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439394

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The incidence of hepatic lymphoma has been increasing recently and diagnosis can be challenging as clinical presentation and radiological findings are usually variable and non-specific. Objective The aims of this study were to describe their main clinical, pathological and imaging characteristics and identify poor prognostic factors. Methods A retrospective study that included all patients with histological diagnosis of liver lymphoma over a 10-year period at our center was performed. Results A total of 36 patients were identified, with mean age of 56.6 years and male predominance (58%). There were three patients with primary liver lymphoma (8.3%) and 33 with secondary liver lymphoma (91.7%). The most common histological type was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (33.3%). The most common clinical manifestations included fever, lymphadenopathy, weight loss, night sweats and abdominal discomfort; three patients (11.1%) were asymptomatic. Computed tomography scan revealed heterogenous radiological patterns including a single nodule (26.5%), multiple nodules (41.2%) or diffuse infiltration (32.4%). The mortality rate during follow-up was 55.6%. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (P=0.031) and absence of treatment response (P<0.001) were significantly associated with higher mortality. Conclusion Hepatic lymphoma is a rare disease that may involve liver as part of a systemic disease or, less commonly, be confined to this organ. Clinical presentation and radiological findings are often variable and non-specific. It is associated with high mortality and poor prognostic factors include higher levels of C-reactive protein and absence of response to treatment.


RESUMO Contexto A incidência de linfoma hepático tem aumentando recentemente e o diagnóstico pode ser desafiante, na medida em que a apresentação clínica e os achados imagiológicos são geralmente variáveis e inespecíficos. Objetivo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever suas principais características clínicas, patológicas e de imagem e identificar fatores de mau prognóstico. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospetivo que incluiu todos os pacientes com diagnóstico histológico de linfoma hepático num período de 10 anos no nosso centro. Resultados: Foram identificados 36 pacientes, com média de idade de 56,6 anos e predomínio de género masculino (58%). Havia três pacientes com linfoma hepático primário (8,3%) e 33 com linfoma hepático secundário (91,7%). O tipo histológico mais comum foi o linfoma difuso de grandes células B (33,3%). As manifestações clínicas mais comuns incluíram febre, linfadenopatia, emagrecimento, hipersudorese noturna e desconforto abdominal; 3 (11,1%) pacientes eram assintomáticos. A tomografia computadorizada revelou padrões radiológicos heterogêneos, incluindo um único nódulo (26,5%), múltiplos nódulos (41,2%) ou infiltração difusa (32,4%). A taxa de mortalidade durante o seguimento foi de 55,6%. Níveis mais elevados de proteína C reativa (P=0,031) e ausência de resposta ao tratamento (P<0,001) foram significativamente associados a maior mortalidade. Conclusão O linfoma hepático é uma doença rara que pode envolver o fígado como parte de uma doença sistêmica ou, menos comumente, estar confinado a este órgão. A apresentação clínica e os achados radiológicos são frequentemente variáveis e inespecíficos. Associa-se a elevada mortalidade e fatores de mau prognóstico incluem níveis mais elevados de proteína C reativa e ausência de resposta ao tratamento.

2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(2): 140-147, Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896429

ABSTRACT

Summary Introduction: Diabetes therapeutic education and information by leaflets is important. This study aimed to understand the effectiveness of written information to diabetic patients, after six months, in the control of diabetes and medication adherence. Method: Non-pharmacological clinical trial. Randomized sample of diabetic patients of 65 volunteer doctors, distributed among the five health regions in Portugal. At the first appointment, patients were randomized in four groups (three intervention with validated leaflets and one control), leaflet reading being reinforced at the follow-up appointments in a 6-months period. Variables collected: HbA1c, home blood glucose, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, cigarettes smoked, physical activity level, adherence to medication, medication, height, diabetes progression, age, sex and educational background. Descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: From the 709 patients recruited, 702 were studied in this 6-months period with no statistical differences in the baseline variables studied. After six months of intervention, the adherence to medication improved in the leaflet group (p=0.034). This was noticed in those under 65 years of age (p=0.027), with diabetes for ≤ 5 years (p=0.010), with educational background up to 4 years (p=0.030) and 9 years (p=0.006) and with HbA1c ≥ 7% at the beginning of the study. Conclusion: Interventions with leaflets handed in primary healthcare to people with diabetes type 2 can bring benefits in what concerns adherence to therapeutics, namely in younger people with a less studies.


Resumo Introdução: A educação terapêutica e a informação dada à pessoa com diabetes parece ser importante nesta doença de prevalência crescente. Estudar a efetividade da informação escrita dada ao utente diabético, após 6 meses, no controle e na adesão terapêutica. Método: Ensaio clínico não farmacológico. Amostra aleatorizada de diabéticos de 65 médicos de família voluntários, distribuídos pelas cinco regiões de Portugal continental. Na primeira consulta, as pessoas foram aleatorizadas (em grupos de intervenção com folhetos validados e grupo controle) e foi reforçada a leitura do folheto nas consultas de seguimento até 6 meses. Foram recolhidas as seguintes informações: HbA1c, glicemias em domicílio, peso, altura, perímetro abdominal, pressão arterial, cigarros fumados, atividade física praticada, adesão terapêutica, medicamentos tomados, tempo de evolução da diabetes, idade, sexo e educação. Estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Das 709 pessoas recrutadas, foram estudadas 702, sem diferenças significativas para as variáveis epidemiológicas medidas. Aos seis meses da intervenção, a adesão à terapêutica farmacológica melhorou mais no grupo que recebeu folheto (p=0,034), nas pessoas com menos de 65 anos (p=0,027), com diabetes há cinco anos ou menos (p=0,010), com formação de até quatro anos (p=0,030) e até nove anos (p=0,006) e com a HbA1c ≥ 7% no início do estudo (p=0,008). Conclusão: Folhetos dados nos cuidados de saúde primários a pessoas com diabetes tipo 2 podem beneficiar a adesão terapêutica a curto prazo, nomeadamente em pessoas mais novas e com menor formação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Medication Adherence/psychology , Pamphlets , Portugal , Time Factors , Blood Glucose/analysis , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Exercise , Patient Education as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Prospective Studies , Educational Status , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
3.
Autops. Case Rep ; 7(3): 20-25, July.-Sept. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-905312

ABSTRACT

Spontaneous regression (SR) of cancer, especially lung cancer, is a rare biological event with a mechanism that is not currently understood. Immunological mechanisms seem to be the stronger explanation in SR of a lung cancer. We report the rare case of SR of a lung adenocarcinoma stage IA, in a 75-year-old man, which was incidentally diagnosed and histologically confirmed. Due to the patient's comorbidities and his poor pulmonary function, stereotactic radiotherapy was scheduled. However, by the time the treatment was due to start, the tumor was no longer detectable.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous/pathology , Biopsy, Needle/statistics & numerical data
4.
Br J Med Med Res ; 2016; 14(6): 1-17
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-182828

ABSTRACT

Aims: P. aeruginosa antibiotic resistance is increasing worldwide, greatly limiting therapeutic options, and is mainly associated to nosocomial infections, relating to high morbidity and mortality outcomes. Frequently updated regional guidelines, supported in statistically valid longitudinal information, are mandatory. Methodology: Resistance to 11 antibiotics used to treat P. aeruginosa infections were surveyed in clinical isolates from a Portuguese central during 10 years (n=3778) using the MicroScan WalkAway system. Statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney tests and regression modeling) were used to determine its time evolution according to origin, specimen samples and hospital wards. Results: Total resistance rates fluctuated between 77.9% (ciprofloxacin), and 28.6% (amikacin and piperacillin with tazobactam). Statistical analysis revealed an increase over time for the majority of the resistance rates according to origin, specimen samples and wards of collection. Several trends were best fitted to positive power or quadratic regression models, predicting even higher overall resistance rates in the near future. Few resistance trends were best fitted to negative models, indicative of a possible decrease in the future, which is positive but reflects the discrepant success of empirical antibiotic prescription regimens in different wards from the same hospital. Conclusion: These results, apart from indicating that the studied hospital can significantly improve its prescription policy, prove the importance of specific and local longitudinal studies of resistance trends over time to further drug prescription strategies. Similar biostatistic analysis should be performed in other hospitals and regarding other pathogens to broaden this awareness, necessary for the improvement of empirical antibiotherapy regimens.

5.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 91(6): 560-566, nov.-dez. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-769788

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo Investigar a relação entre os números de células progenitoras endoteliais circulantes e a ativação endotelial em uma população pediátrica com obesidade. Métodos Estudo observacional e transversal, que incluiu 120 crianças e adolescentes com obesidade primária de ambos de sexos, entre seis e 17 anos, recrutados de nossa Clínica de Riscos Cardiovasculares. O grupo de controle contou com 41 crianças e adolescentes com índice de massa corporal normal. As variáveis analisadas foram: idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, proteína C reativa de alta sensibilidade, perfil lipídico, leptina, adiponectina, resistência à insulina para avaliação do modelo de homeostase, proteína quimiotática de monócitos-1, E-seleticna, dimetilarginina assimétrica e números de células endoteliais progenitoras circulantes. Resultados A resistência à insulina foi correlacionada à dimetilarginina assimétrica (p = 0,340; p = 0,003), que foi diretamente correlacionada, porém de forma muita amena, à E-seleticna (ρ = 0,252; p = 0,046). Não constatamos que a proteína C reativa de alta sensibilidade estivesse correlacionada a marcadores de ativação endotelial. A pressão arterial sistólica foi diretamente correlacionada ao índice de massa corporal ρ = 0,471; p < 0,001) e à resistência à insulina para avaliação do modelo de homeostase (ρ = 0,230; p = 0,012) e inversamente correlacionada à adiponectina (ρ = −0,331; p < 0,001) e à lipoproteína de alta densidade-colesterol ρ = −0,319; p < 0,001). Os números de células progenitoras endoteliais circulantes foram diretamente correlacionados, porém de forma muito amena, ao índice de massa corporal (r = 0,211; p = 0,016), à leptina (ρ = 0,245; p = 0,006), aos níveis de triglicerídeos (r = 0,241; p = 0,031) e à E-seleticna ρ = 0,297; p = 0,004). Conclusão Os números de células progenitoras endoteliais circulantes são elevados em crianças e adolescentes obesos com comprovação de ativação endotelial. Isso sugere que, na infância, os mecanismos de reparação endotelial estão presentes no contexto da ativação endotelial.


Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating endothelial progenitor cell count and endothelial activation in a pediatric population with obesity. Methods Observational and transversal study, including 120 children and adolescents with primary obesity of both sexes, aged 6-17 years, who were recruited at this Cardiovascular Risk Clinic. The control group was made up of 41 children and adolescents with normal body mass index. The variables analyzed were: age, gender, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, E-selectin, asymmetric dimethylarginine and circulating progenitor endothelial cell count. Results Insulin resistance was correlated to asymmetric dimethylarginine (ρ = 0.340; p = 0.003), which was directly, but weakly correlated to E-selectin (ρ = 0.252; p = 0.046). High sensitivity C-reactive protein was not found to be correlated to markers of endothelial activation. Systolic blood pressure was directly correlated to body mass index (ρ = 0.471; p < 0.001) and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (ρ = 0.230; p = 0.012), and inversely correlated to adiponectin (ρ = −0.331; p < 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ρ = −0.319; p < 0.001). Circulating endothelial progenitor cell count was directly, but weakly correlated, to body mass index (r = 0.211; p = 0.016), leptin (ρ = 0.245; p = 0.006), triglyceride levels (r = 0.241; p = 0.031), and E-selectin (ρ = 0.297; p = 0.004). Conclusion Circulating endothelial progenitor cell count is elevated in obese children and adolescents with evidence of endothelial activation, suggesting that, during infancy, endothelial repairing mechanisms are present in the context of endothelial activation.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Endothelial Progenitor Cells/cytology , Obesity/blood , Blood Pressure , Body Mass Index , Biomarkers/blood , Case-Control Studies , Cell Count , Cross-Sectional Studies , Insulin Resistance
6.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 104(4): 266-273, 04/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-745743

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Obesity-related comorbidities are present in young obese children, providing a platform for early adult cardiovascular disorders. Objectives: To compare and correlate markers of adiposity to metabolic disturbances, vascular and cardiac morphology in a European pediatric obese cohort. Methods: We carried out an observational and transversal analysis in a cohort consisting of 121 obese children of both sexes, between the ages of 6 and 17 years. The control group consisted of 40 children with normal body mass index within the same age range. Markers of adiposity, plasma lipids and lipoproteins, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, common carotid artery intima-media thickness and left ventricular diameters were analyzed. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the control and obese groups for the variables analyzed, all higher in the obese group, except for age, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin, higher in the control group. In the obese group, body mass index was directly correlated to left ventricular mass (r=0.542; p=0.001), the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (r=0.378; p=<0.001) and mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness (r=0.378; p=<0.001). In that same group, insulin resistance was present in 38.1%, 12.5% had a combined dyslipidemic pattern, and eccentric hypertrophy was the most common left ventricular geometric pattern. Conclusions: These results suggest that these markers may be used in clinical practice to stratify cardiovascular risk, as well as to assess the impact of weight control programs. .


Fundamento: As comorbidades relacionadas com a obesidade encontram-se patentes em crianças jovens obesas e são, potencialmente, um ponto de partida para as doenças cardiovasculares em adultos jovens. Objetivos: Comparar e correlacionar marcadores de adiposidade com distúrbios metabólicos e alterações cardiovasculares numa coorte de crianças obesas europeias. Métodos: Estudo observacional e transversal de uma coorte composta por 121 crianças obesas de ambos os gêneros, entre 6 e 17 anos de idade. O grupo controle incluiu 40 crianças com índice de massa corporal normal dentro da mesma faixa etária. Analisamos marcadores de adiposidade, lípides e lipoproteínas, o índice de insulino-resistência, a espessura da camada íntima-média da artéria carótida comum e os diâmetros do ventrículo esquerdo. Resultados: Observamos diferenças significativas entre os grupos controle e obeso para todos os parâmetros em análise, com todos os valores mais elevados no grupo obeso, exceto a idade, a lipoproteína de alta densidade e a adiponectina, superiores no grupo controle. No grupo obeso, o índice de massa corporal correlacionou‑se diretamente com a massa ventricular esquerda (r=0,542; p=0,001), com o índice de insulino-resistência (r = 0,378; p = < 0,001) e com a espessura da camada íntima-média da artéria carótida comum (r = 0,378; p = <0,001). Ainda no grupo obeso, 38,1% tinham insulino-resistência, 12,5% apresentavam um padrão de dislipidemia combinada, e hipertrofia excêntrica foi a forma geométrica ventricular mais observada. Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que os marcadores analizados podem ser utilizados para aferir risco cardiovascular, assim como para avaliar o impacto analítico e morfológico dos programas de redução de peso. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Adiposity , Dyslipidemias , Insulin Resistance , Pediatric Obesity , Age Factors , Acanthosis Nigricans/complications , Acanthosis Nigricans/diagnosis , Adiponectin/blood , Body Mass Index , Biomarkers/blood , Carotid Intima-Media Thickness , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Dyslipidemias/blood , Dyslipidemias/complications , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology , Leptin/blood , Lipoproteins/blood , Pediatric Obesity/blood , Pediatric Obesity/complications , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Waist Circumference
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